The Cell Biology of the Unfolded Protein Response

Role of Oxidative Stress in Modulating Unfolded Protein Response Activity in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line

Background: Recently, it has been revealed that tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) act through inducing both oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in chronic myeloid leukemia cells. However, ER stress signaling triggers both apoptotic and survival processes within cells. Nevertheless, mechanisms by which TKIs avoid the pro-survival effects are not clear. The aim of this study was to ev...

The unfolded protein response

Where does the UPR function? Between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. All secreted proteins and proteins that reside in secretory compartments translocate as nascent peptide chains into the ER, where they may undergo folding, modification and assembly before assuming their functional conformations. The ER maintains a specialized oxidizing environment to aid ch...

The unfolded protein response.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a principal site for folding and maturation of transmembrane, secretory and ERresident proteins. Perturbations that alter ER homeostasis can lead to accumulation of unfolded proteins (UPs), which is a threat to all living cells. To cope with the stress, cells activate an intracellular signaling pathway – the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR is an integr...

Systems biology of unfolded protein response in recombinant CHO cells

Background Productivity of recombinant therapeutics is a coordinated effort of multiple pathways in the cell [1]. The protein processing pathway in endoplasmic reticulum has been the target of many cell engineering studies but with mixed results [2]. We have observed the induction of UPR genes in recombinant CHO cells (data not shown). In this work, we attempt to increase their productivity fur...

SnapShot: The Unfolded Protein Response